Water Damage: Causes and Types

What is Water Damage?

Water damage refers to deterioration or harm caused to a structure, its contents, or occupants due to the presence of excessive water.

Causes of Water Damage

• Natural Disasters: Floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, and tsunamis
• Plumbing Leaks: Faulty pipes, leaking faucets, burst water heaters
• Roofing Issues: Torn shingles, damaged flashing, roof leaks
• Appliance Malfunctions: Broken dishwashers, washing machines, refrigerators
• Human Error: Overwatering plants, forgetting to turn off faucets

Types of Water Damage

Water damage is categorized based on the source and severity of the water penetration:

Category 1: Clean Water Damage

• Originates from a clean source, such as a broken water pipe or a leaking roof
• Poses a relatively low health risk
• Requires immediate attention to prevent further damage

Category 2: Gray Water Damage

• Originates from a slightly contaminated source, such as a washing machine or dishwasher overflow
• Contains bacteria and other contaminants
• Requires immediate extraction and disinfection to prevent health hazards

Category 3: Black Water Damage

• Originates from a highly contaminated source, such as sewage or floodwater
• Contains harmful bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens
• Requires extensive extraction, disinfection, and possible structural repairs

Root Cause of Water Damage

The root cause of water damage typically involves the failure of a waterproofing or water-resistant barrier. This can occur due to:

• Defective materials or construction
• Age-related wear and tear
• Negligence or lack of maintenance
• Environmental factors (e.g., heavy rainfall, freezing temperatures)